referrals are sent
On https, only the root domain is sent (eg: google.com), not the actual page (et: https://www.google.com/search?q=vivalidi.
Google uses a header
Referrer Policy: Strict-origin-when-cross-origin
Send only the origin when the protocol security level stays the same (HTTPS→HTTPS). Don't send the Referer header to less secure destinations (HTTPS→HTTP).
Most browsers interpret that to mean they shouldn't send a referral between domains. At best, https will only send the fqdn out (only google.com) if anything.
For example a search on google to my site, and then clicking on that in the serp, results in this request headers in Vivaldi (notice, only Google.com passes):
Request URL: https://www.webmasterworld.com/
Request Method: GET
Status Code: 200
Remote Address: 208.109.213.71:443
Referrer Policy: origin
content-encoding: gzip
content-length: 10297
content-security-policy: frame-ancestors 'none';
content-type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1
date: Thu, 14 Jul 2022 16:10:12 GMT
server: Apache
strict-transport-security: max-age=300; includeSubDomains; preload
vary: Accept-Encoding,User-Agent
x-frame-options: deny
x-robots-tag: noarchive
Request Headers:
:authority: www.webmasterworld.com
:method: GET
:path: /
:scheme: https
accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,/;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
accept-encoding: gzip, deflate, br
accept-language: en-US,en;q=0.9
dnt: 1
referer: https://www.google.com/
sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="104", "/Not)A;Brand";v="24"
sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"
sec-fetch-dest: document
sec-fetch-mode: navigate
sec-fetch-site: cross-site
sec-fetch-user: ?1
upgrade-insecure-requests: 1
user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10